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103.159.161.129 (토론)님의 2024년 3월 25일 (월) 11:02 판
Scientists take a step closer to resurrecting the woolly mammoth
- Scientists are working to resurrect the extinct species.
resurrect 부활하다
resurrection 그리스도의 부활
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Q) Is it grammatically correct not using "on" before the date? Are both grammatically sound, and the choice between them depends on the context and the desired level of formality or clarity?
- (original) A biotech company that hopes to resurrect extinct species "said Wednesday" that...
- (suggested) A biotech company that hopes to resurrect extinct species "said 'on' Wednesday" that...
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"This is probably the most significant step in the early stages of this project," said George Church, a geneticist at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology who co-founded Colossal Biosciences in Dallas.
geneticist (발음)제너-
colossal 엄청난, 거대한
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The woolly mammoth was a big, shaggy species of elephant that roamed the tundra before going extinct thousands of years ago.
shaggy (of hair or fur) long, thick, and unkempt.
go extinct 멸종되다
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Colossal has been working to bring the mammoth, the dodo bird and other extinct species back to life using the latest cloning and genetic engineering techniques.
have + been + ing : 현재완료 진행형 (~가 과거부터 현재까지 계속 진행되다)
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And now the company says scientists have for the first time created induced pluripotent stem cells for the mammoth's closest living relative: Asian elephants.
induced 유도된
pluripotent 다능성의; (of an immature or stem cell) capable of giving rise to several different cell types.
induced pluripotent stems 유도된 다능성의 줄기세포
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A steppingstone from modern elephant to mammoth
steppingstone 디딤돌; an action or event that helps one to make progress towards a specified goal.
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Scientists can now try to use cloning techniques and gene editing to manipulate the cells in the hopes of someday creating elephants with key traits of mammoths, such as their heavy coats and the layers of fat that enabled them to survive in cold climates.
cloning techniques
gene editing
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Like we want them to be resistant to the herpesvirus that is causing a huge fraction of infant elephants to die," Church said.
herpesvirus 헤르페스 바이러스
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But some scientists object to the whole idea of trying to revive extinct animals.
object to ~에 반대하다
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It's to have them fully socialized in large herds. Some people think it's a bad idea because it takes money away from conservation efforts, when in fact we're injecting money into conservation efforts."
conservation efforts 보존 노력
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Researchers say the work will advance conservation
advance move forward in a purposeful way; 나아가게 하다
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"We're very, very excited that we have derived the first elephant induced pluripotent stem cells," said Eriona Hysolli, who heads Colossal's mammoth project.
head(=lead) ~을 이끌다[책임지다]
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"It opens up new possibilities for conserving species' genetic diversity, preventing extinction and contributing to the sustainability of species," Ryder said.
It opens up... ~을 열다
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아래는 기사에서 나온 예문은 아님
There is a misguided belief that innovation happens in a vacuum.
misguided 잘못 이해한[판단한]; having or showing faulty judgment or reasoning.
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넘 멋진 문장
"We need to focus on the species here today. Living animals versus fossils is really where our focus should be," said Gabriela Mastromonaco, senior director of wildlife science at the Toronto Zoo. "It's just a distraction."
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수업에서 설명한 어휘
created (v) - brought into existence; made.
ex: The scientists successfully created induced pluripotent stem cells for Asian elephants.
described (v) - represented in words; explained.
ex: The company described its findings in a scientific paper published on the preprint server.
revive (v) - bring back to life; restore from a state of dormancy or inactivity.
ex: The biotech company aims to revive extinct species like the woolly mammoth through genetic engineering.
extinct (adj) - no longer existing or living.
ex: The Korean tiger has been extinct since since the 1940s.
peer-reviewed (adj) - subjected to evaluation by experts in the field before publication.
ex: The research was peer reviewed to ensure the accuracy and validity of the research findings.
ethics (n) - the principles of right and wrong that guide behavior and decision-making.
ex: The debate over de-extinction raises important ethical questions about the role of humans in altering natural ecosystems.
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Part I - Choose five of the words/phrases and create new sentences.
1. (peer-reviewed) Your code must be peer-reviewed to commit to the production system.
2. (extinct) What if dogs went extinct? People would miss them greatly, as if they had lost their companions.
3. (describe) This clip briefly describes how the AI-based technology works in just 10 minutes.
4. (distraction) One of the experts, a senior director of wildlife science at the Toronto Zoo, objects to the idea of resurrecting fossils, stating, "It's just a distraction."
5. (head) Ryan has been heading his team for more than 2 years.
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Part II Questions - Please write down the answers in the answer box below.
1. Why is the creation of induced pluripotent stem cells significant for the woolly mammoth project?
2. What are your thoughts on the ethical considerations surrounding the de-extinction of species, such as the woolly mammoth?
3. Do you believe that the resources invested in de-extinction efforts could be better utilized for conservation of existing species? Why or why not?
4. To what extent do you think the potential environmental benefits of reintroducing mammoth-like elephants, such as combating global warming, outweigh the ethical concerns and practical challenges?
5. Can you envision potential scenarios where the revival of extinct species could lead to unforeseen ecological consequences, and how might scientists mitigate such risks?
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Alternative source - Read the link if you want to know more about this topic.
Discuss the balance between permitting natural selection to proceed naturally and deciding when intervention is warranted. Does human intervention in natural processes amount to playing God?
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